Bouvet Island (2005) | Jan Mayen (2006) | |
Airports | - | 1 (2006) |
Airports - with unpaved runways | - | total: 1
1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2006) |
Area | total: 58.5 sq km
land: 58.5 sq km water: 0 sq km |
total: 377 sq km
land: 377 sq km water: 0 sq km |
Area - comparative | about 0.3 times the size of Washington, DC | slightly more than twice the size of Washington, DC |
Background | This uninhabited volcanic island is almost entirely covered by glaciers and is difficult to approach. It was discovered in 1739 by a French naval officer after whom the island was named. No claim was made until 1825, when the British flag was raised. In 1928, the UK waived its claim in favor of Norway, which had occupied the island the previous year. In 1971, Bouvet Island and the adjacent territorial waters were designated a nature reserve. Since 1977, Norway has run an automated meteorological station on the island. | This desolate, mountainous island was named after a Dutch whaling captain who indisputably discovered it in 1614 (earlier claims are inconclusive). Visited only occasionally by seal hunters and trappers over the following centuries, the island came under Norwegian sovereignty in 1929. The long dormant Haakon VII Toppen/Beerenberg volcano resumed activity in 1970; it is the northernmost active volcano on earth. |
Climate | antarctic | arctic maritime with frequent storms and persistent fog |
Coastline | 29.6 km | 124.1 km |
Country name | conventional long form: none
conventional short form: Bouvet Island |
conventional long form: none
conventional short form: Jan Mayen |
Dependency status | territory of Norway; administered by the Polar Department of the Ministry of Justice and Police from Oslo | territory of Norway; since August 1994, administered from Oslo through the county governor (fylkesmann) of Nordland; however, authority has been delegated to a station commander of the Norwegian Defense Communication Service |
Disputes - international | none | none |
Economy - overview | no economic activity; declared a nature reserve | Jan Mayen is a volcanic island with no exploitable natural resources. Economic activity is limited to providing services for employees of Norway's radio and meteorological stations on the island. |
Elevation extremes | lowest point: South Atlantic Ocean 0 m
highest point: Olav Peak 935 m |
lowest point: Norwegian Sea 0 m
highest point: Haakon VII Toppen/Beerenberg 2,277 m |
Environment - current issues | NA | NA |
Flag description | the flag of Norway is used | the flag of Norway is used |
Geographic coordinates | 54 26 S, 3 24 E | 71 00 N, 8 00 W |
Geography - note | covered by glacial ice; declared a nature reserve | barren volcanic island with some moss and grass |
Irrigated land | 0 sq km (1998 est.) | 0 sq km |
Land boundaries | 0 km | 0 km |
Land use | arable land: 0%
permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (93% ice) (2001) |
arable land: 0%
permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (2005) |
Legal system | the laws of Norway, where applicable, apply | the laws of Norway, where applicable, apply |
Location | island in the South Atlantic Ocean, southwest of the Cape of Good Hope (South Africa) | Northern Europe, island between the Greenland Sea and the Norwegian Sea, northeast of Iceland |
Map references | Antarctic Region | Arctic Region |
Maritime claims | territorial sea: 4 nm | territorial sea: 4 nm
contiguous zone: 10 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm continental shelf: 200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation |
Military - note | defense is the responsibility of Norway | defense is the responsibility of Norway |
Natural hazards | NA | dominated by the volcano Haakon VII Toppen/Beerenberg; volcanic activity resumed in 1970 |
Natural resources | none | none |
Population | uninhabited (July 2005 est.) | no indigenous inhabitants
note: personnel operate the Long Range Navigation (Loran-C) base and the weather and coastal services radio station (July 2006 est.) |
Ports and harbors | none; offshore anchorage only | - |
Radio broadcast stations | - | AM NA, FM NA, shortwave NA
note: there is one radio and meteorological station (1998) |
Terrain | volcanic; coast is mostly inaccessible | volcanic island, partly covered by glaciers |